Analysis on the Current Situation and Market Prospect of China Biomass Power Generation Industry in

Biomass (Biomass) is the most widespread substance on Earth, including all animals, plants and microorganisms, as well as by the living material derived, excreted and metabolized many substances. Biomass Power (BiomassPower) is the use of biomass with biomass energy to generate electricity, is a renewable energy power generation. Biomass power generation is divided into different types of direct combustion power generation, mixed combustion power generation, biomass gasification power generation and biogas power generation. Biomass power generation technology is one of the most popular and effective methods in the application of biomass energy. In developed countries such as Europe and the United States, biomass power generation has become a very mature industry and has become an important power generation and heating mode in some countries.

First, the industry development overview

① biomass is an environmentally friendly, renewable, urgent need to develop the form of energy

Biomass is the energy form of solar energy stored in the form of chemical energy in biomass, that is, the energy of the biomass as the carrier. It is directly or indirectly derived from the green plant photosynthesis, inexhaustible, with its reserves, universality, easy to take, high volatility, high carbon activity, flammability characteristics. Biomass energy is currently the world's most widely used renewable energy, the total consumption after coal, oil, natural gas, ranked fourth, it is the only recyclable, renewable carbon source. Modern biomass energy has significant environmental characteristics, to achieve carbon zero cycle, emissions of small amounts of nitrogen oxides and sulfides.

In recent years, China's sustained and rapid economic development, energy demand continues to accelerate the increase in 2020 to achieve the GDP than in 2000 quadrupled the goal, will continue to face a new round of heavy chemical industry growth, the international manufacturing shift and the city The economic situation has become a "bottleneck" that restricts economic and social development and improves people's living standard.

While strengthening conventional energy development and vigorously promoting energy conservation, it is imminent to change the current energy consumption structure, to diversify energy and clean energy. The total energy consumption in 2015 is about 3,014 million tons of oil equivalent, of which 63.7% of crude coal, 18.6% of crude oil and 5.9% of natural gas, the proportion of new energy such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, solar energy and biomass is about 11.9%. China in 1993 to become a net importer of oil in 2014, China's foreign oil dependence reached 59.43%, a huge pressure on energy security. With the maturity of biomass energy utilization technology, the economic cost is reduced, the proportion of biomass energy substitution will be higher and higher. The large-scale utilization of biomass energy can further promote the rational use of resources and enhance the energy security. China 's energy, economy and environment to achieve sustainable development.

Overview of Global Biomass Utilization

Biofuels are close to zero emissions of green energy, and more and more countries will develop biomass energy as an important strategic measure to replace fossil fuels and ensure energy security, and the role of biomass in many countries' energy supply is growing. Biomass power generation is mainly concentrated in developed countries, especially in northern Europe, Denmark, Finland and other countries, India, Brazil and some developing countries in Southeast Asia are also actively developing or introducing technology to build biomass power generation projects. According to the International Energy Agency is expected by 2020, 15% of Western industrial countries will come from biomass power generation. China's biomass power generation in the start more than Europe and the United States late, but after ten years of development, has now basically mastered the agricultural and forestry biomass power generation, urban waste power generation and other technologies.

Many European countries to biomass energy as a future alternative petrochemical energy main support, to take financial subsidies, tax incentives and other measures to support the development of biomass. For nearly 10 years, the EU has spent 15 billion euros committed to extracting fuel from biomass. The EU proposed by 2020 bio-fuels accounted for 10% of traffic fuel, which Sweden plans to 2020 to achieve the basic use of non-oil fuel, to achieve "post-oil era."

Biomass energy is the largest renewable energy in the United States, accounting for about 3% of US energy supply. As of the end of 2012, biomass energy has become the main source of renewable energy in the United States, the US national energy strategy to biomass energy as the main body to ensure a reasonable energy structure and energy supply. US Department of Agriculture and Energy in November 2012, the detailed development of the biomass energy resources supply chain and 2013-2022 biomass energy development plan to address the bottleneck of biomass energy development issues.

2010 global biomass power generation capacity has more than 60 million kilowatts, especially in northern Europe, Denmark, Finland and other countries have become an important energy supply of biomass power supply. US biomass direct-fired power generation is developing rapidly, the installed capacity in 1990 reached only 6,000MW, in 2010 rose to 10,400MW. As of the end of 2012, the United States biomass direct combustion power generation accounts for about 75% of renewable energy generation, more than 300 power plants using biomass and coal mixed combustion technology, installed capacity of 22,000MW. It is expected that by 2030, the installed capacity will reach 40,000 MW.

China's biomass power generation industry development overview

China's biomass power generation started more than Europe and the United States late, but after ten years of development, has basically mastered the agricultural and forestry biomass power generation, urban waste power generation and other technologies.

Before 2005, large-scale grid-connected power generation projects with agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials were almost blank. In 2006 the country approved more than 100 million kilowatts of direct-fired power generation projects. Biomass power installed capacity of more than 2.2 million kilowatts, of which 1.7 million kilowatts of bagasse power generation, rice mill rice husk power generation 50,000 kilowatts, municipal waste incineration power generation 400,000 kilowatts, in addition to some small-scale biomass gasification demonstration project. 2006 "Renewable Energy Law", biomass power generation preferential tariffs on the implementation of the relevant policies, so that China's biomass power generation industry grows rapidly.

2006 to 2010, that is, "Eleventh Five-Year" period, China's biomass direct combustion power generation has been rapid development. By the end of 2010, the total biomass capacity of China's biomass power generation reached 5.5 million kilowatts, the total capacity of agricultural and forestry biomass direct power generation was 3.6 million kilowatts, accounting for 65.5% of all biomass power generation; the total capacity of waste incineration power generation was 170 Million kWh, accounting for 30.9% of all biomass power generation; other gasification power generation, biogas power generation, co-firing power generation accounted for a small proportion, only 20 million kilowatts.

As of 2014, biomass power generation capacity of the cumulative installed capacity of 14.23 million kilowatts, and about 9.5 million kilowatts, mainly agricultural and forestry biomass direct combustion power generation and municipal solid waste incineration power generation, which agricultural and forestry biomass direct combustion power generation capacity of about 840 Million kilowatts, and the grid capacity of about 500 million kilowatts, approved capacity accounted for about 59%, raw materials are a variety of crop straw and forestry waste, mainly concentrated in central China and East China and other raw materials more abundant areas. Waste incineration power generation and networking is about 4.24 million kilowatts, raw materials to municipal solid waste, mainly in the surrounding areas of large and medium-sized cities. Biomass solid molding fuel is mainly used for a variety of boilers, raw materials to crop stalks and sawdust, the rapid development in recent years, 2014 production has reached 700 million tons. At present, China's biomass liquid fuels are mainly fuel ethanol and biodiesel, the development rate is relatively slow, the output was only 2.8 billion liters and 1.1 billion liters. In 2015, China's biomass power generation capacity of the total approved capacity of 17.08 million kilowatts, of which the cumulative installed capacity of about 11.11 million kilowatts.

From the overall situation of the industry analysis, biomass power generation and biomass fuels are still in the policy to guide the support period. Biomass power generation industry benchmarking enterprises in technology, cost has been a clear advantage, has been put into production biomass power generation project profitability has gradually emerged, direct combustion of biomass development and utilization has been the initial industrialization.

④ China's biomass energy use remains to be strengthened

As China and the United States and other developed countries, a large population, food production has yet to be improved, so the development of biomass energy in the process of "do not compete with people, not with grain," the basic policy, From the waste resources. China's biomass energy resources are extensive, mainly crop residues and agricultural products processing residues, forest harvesting and forest tending residues, wood processing residues and so on. 2012 China's waste theoretical resources volume of about 1.54 billion tons of standard coal, due to the collection of losses and other means of use, can be collected and energy utilization of only about 715 million tons of standard coal, equivalent to about 20% of China's total energy consumption The

As of 2012, 127 countries in the world have developed or introduced renewable energy policies, with developing countries and emerging economies accounting for more than two-thirds. Among them, the power generation support policy mainly includes electricity price, renewable energy quota system, net electricity price, fiscal tax support policy and green electricity price. China has paid more attention to the application and development of biomass energy, but the direct policy support given by biomass energy development is relatively weak compared with renewable energy industries such as PV.

In addition, due to the diversification of planting operations, agricultural mechanization lag, straw disposal costs and other reasons, China's straw and other agricultural waste field burning phenomenon has not been a very good solution. Agricultural waste burned, not only the great waste of biomass resources, but also exacerbated the autumn and winter season in the northern region of the haze weather. With the increase in the degree of industrialization of biomass energy, the government's emphasis on the collection and treatment of agriculture and forestry waste is based on China's abundant biomass resources, and the future use of the industry is very broad.

Second, the biomass power industry market prospects

① China is rich in biomass resources

The global annual production of photosynthesis of about 170 billion tons of biomass, the energy equivalent to the world's major fuel contribution of 10 times, and as the use of energy is less than 1% of the total, great development potential. Compared with fossil fuels, many types of biomass resources, a huge number, widely distributed. Its main are: wood fuel, crop waste, livestock and poultry manure, energy plants, urban waste and so on. Among them, the crop waste mainly straw (straw, wheat straw, cotton straw, etc.), weeds, rice husk, peanut shell and so on. Energy crops that specifically as energy crops, currently used for oil crops plant species are: Jatropha, tung oil, Sapium, lacquer tree, walnut, Camellia, Pistacia, olives, oil Mingsha, Tetra Pak and so on.

China's biomass is rich in resources, biomass production in 2007 the total output potential of up to 932 million tons of standard coal, of which organic waste and marginal land accounted for 41.1%, 58.9%. From the trend point of view, it is estimated that by 2030 straw, livestock and poultry manure and energy crop production will be added capacity of 1.37,0.45,054 million tons of standard coal, the annual production potential of biomass raw materials increased to 1.17 billion tons of standard coal.

② modern agriculture, circular economy to promote the development of biomass energy industry

The development of modern agriculture will promote the socialization of agricultural production gradually increased, such as the expansion of the scale of agricultural enterprises, agricultural production division of labor, the increasingly developed division of labor, "small and full" self-sufficiency production is highly specialized, commercial production Replaced by the agricultural production process with the processing, sales and production of materials manufacturing and supply closely integrated, and gradually developed into agribusiness integration. Which for the development of biomass energy industry has a strong role in promoting.

The development and utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes in the biomass industry is in line with the principles of recycling, reusing and recycling in circular economy. It is the perfect interpretation of circular economy in modern agriculture. On the other hand, the rise of the biomass energy industry expands the use of agroforestry resources, bringing new opportunities for farmers and forestry production and management to have access to the economic cycle system and to make the unused land into biomass Energy production of raw materials.

③ policy to support the development of biomass power generation industry, the future is expected to further strengthen

Before 2006, large-scale production of agricultural and forestry waste is almost blank. Before 2006, China's total installed capacity of biomass power generation is about 2,000MW, of which about 1,700MW of bagasse power generation, waste power generation of about 200MW, the rest of the rice husk and other agricultural and forestry waste gasification and biogas power generation. Biomass, especially agriculture and forestry waste as raw material scale and grid power generation project is almost blank.

China's biomass power generation technology industry has shown a comprehensive acceleration of the development trend. In recent years, with the development of low-carbon economy to continuously improve the requirements of energy-saving emission reduction, and domestic and international development and utilization of biomass energy continues to increase, our government also put the comprehensive utilization of biomass energy mentioned the importance of new energy development Location, increased the policy support for the development of biomass energy. With the "Renewable Energy Law" and the relevant renewable energy tariff subsidies and a series of policies introduced and implemented, China's biomass power generation investment enthusiasm quickly, started construction of various types of agricultural and forestry waste power generation projects.

④ industry is expected to usher in a new peak, the potential space is huge

In recent years, China's biomass power generation capacity increased year by year, from 2.2 million kilowatts in 2007 increased to 17.08 million kilowatts in 2015, the average annual compound growth rate of 29.20%, indicating that China's biomass power generation industry developed rapidly. However, China's biomass power generation mainly stay in the demonstration project stage, did not form a large-scale rational use. Biomass power generation in China's electricity production structure accounted for a very small proportion, in China's new energy power generation structure accounted for only about 1/10. According to the "2013 China biomass power generation construction statistics report", as of the end of 2013, in addition to Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the country has 28 provinces (cities, districts) developed biomass power generation projects. The cumulative capacity of the country reached 12,226.21 megawatts, of which the grid capacity of 7,790.01 megawatts, accounting for 63.72% of the approved capacity. In 2014, the cumulative biomass capacity of the national biomass power generation was 14.23 million kilowatts, and the grid was about 9.5 million kilowatts. In 2015, China's biomass power generation capacity of the total approved capacity of 17.08 million kilowatts, of which the cumulative installed capacity of about 11.11 million kilowatts.

According to the National Energy Board "biomass energy development" thirteen five "plan", by 2020, the basic realization of biomass and commercialization and large-scale use. The annual utilization of biomass is about 58 million tons of standard coal. Biomass power generation total installed capacity of 15 million kilowatts, the annual generating capacity of 90 billion kwh, of which agricultural and forestry biomass direct combustion power generation 7 million kilowatts, urban solid waste incineration power generation 7.5 million kilowatts, biogas power generation 500,000 kilowatts; bio-natural gas utilization 80 billion cubic meters; bio-liquid fuel annual utilization of 6 million tons; biomass utilization of the annual utilization of 30 million tons of fuel.

According to the "2013 China biomass power generation construction statistics report" data show that 2013 agricultural and forestry biomass direct-fired power generation capacity of 4.195 million kilowatts, "thirteen five" plan in 2020 to reach the scale of 700 million kilowatts, the industry is expected to continue in the future steady development,